Why the night test works
Daytime chlorine loss has two causes tangled together — sunlight and contamination — so a daytime drop proves nothing. Remove the sun and only consumption remains: healthy water barely uses chlorine overnight, while even invisible early algae metabolizes it measurably. One night separates the two causes for the price of two tests.
A worked example
Dusk 5.0, dawn 4.5: half a ppm — pass, sleep easy. Dusk 5.0, dawn 3.2: a 1.8 ppm fail, and even if the water sparkles, something is feeding. Raising to shock level tonight (about 16 ppm at CYA 40 — the green pool calculator sizes the dose) typically ends it in a day or two. Ignoring it typically costs a green weekend and three jugs more chlorine.
When to run it
Any time chlorine seems hungrier than usual, after every algae fight (passing the OCLT is the official "you won"), after heavy storms or parties, and once in spring before opening chemistry settles. It costs two test-kit drops and zero chemicals — the highest information-per-effort move in pool care.